GSO ASTM D974:2024
Gulf Standard
Current Edition
·
Approved on
25 April 2024
·
Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
GSO ASTM D974:2024 Files
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GSO ASTM D974:2024 Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of acidic or
basic constituents (Note 1) in petroleum products3 and lubricants soluble or nearly soluble in mixtures of toluene and
isopropyl alcohol. It is applicable for the determination of acids
or bases whose dissociation constants in water are larger than
10−9; extremely weak acids or bases whose dissociation
constants are smaller than 10−9 do not interfere. Salts react if
their hydrolysis constants are larger than 10−9.
NOTE 1—In new and used oils, the constituents considered to have
acidic characteristics include organic and inorganic acids, esters, phenolic
compounds, lactones, resins, salts of heavy metals, and addition agents
such as inhibitors and detergents. Similarly, constituents considered to
have basic properties include organic and inorganic bases, amino
compounds, salts of weak acids (soaps), basic salts of polyacidic bases,
salts of heavy metals, and addition agents such as inhibitors and
detergents.
NOTE 2—This test method is not suitable for measuring the basic
constituents of many basic additive-type lubricating oils. Test Method
D4739 can be used for this purpose.
1.2 This test method can be used to indicate relative changes
that occur in an oil during use under oxidizing conditions.
Although the titration is made under definite equilibrium
conditions, the method does not measure an absolute acidic or
basic property that can be used to predict performance of an oil
under service conditions. No general relationship between
bearing corrosion and acid or base numbers is known.
NOTE 3—Oils, such as many cutting oils, rustproofing oils, and similar
compounded oils, or excessively dark-colored oils, that cannot be analyzed for acid number by this test method due to obscurity of the
color-indicator end point, can be analyzed by Test Method D664. The acid
numbers obtained by this color-indicator test method need not be
numerically the same as those obtained by Test Method D664, the base
numbers obtained by this color indicator test method need not be
numerically the same as those obtained by Test Method D4739, but they
are generally of the same order of magnitude.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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