1.1 This International Standard defines hand-reach envelopes: the boundaries of passenger car handcontrol locations that can be reached by different proportions of male and female driver populations. This International Standard applies to passenger cars (term 3.1.1 in ISO 3833:1977). It is primarily directed towards the initial design stages of a new vehicle programme. Its application for checking purposes in actual vehicle prototype seat models will take into account the allowable tolerances for the actual H-point and actual torso angle (see ISO/TR 9511). The hand-reach envelopes apply directly to left-handdrive passenger cars designed for seated operators in full-width or single-width seats having approximately horizontal fore-and-aft seat adjustment. Application to right-hand-drive vehicles is assumed to be symmetrically opposite. 1.2 The envelopes constructed using the static three-point restraint described in the Introduction are meant to define a restrained reach. The envelopes constructed using lap belt only (type 1) are meant to define an unrestrained reach applicable to all restraint systems with free shoulder movement. The hand-reach envelopes are directly applicable for a three-finger grasping reach to a forward-mounted control knob of 25 mm diameter manoeuvred horizontally in the fore-and-aft direction. The hand-reach envelopes are also applicable to other types of forward controls by using an appropriate adjustment factor that will account for the mode of operation of the control: a) extended-finger-operated forward control: an adjustment factor of 50 mm is added to the values of the reach envelope in the appropriate table; b) full-hand-g-asped forward control: an adjustment factor of 50 mm is subtracted from the tabled values of the reach envelope.