ISO 15589-2:2012 specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the pre-installation surveys, design, materials, equipment, fabrication, installation, commissioning, operation, inspection and maintenance of cathodic protection systems for offshore pipelines for the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries as defined in ISO 13623. It is applicable to carbon steel, stainless steel and flexible pipelines in offshore service as well as to retrofits, modifications and repairs made to existing pipeline systems. ISO 15589-2:2012 is applicable to all types of seawater and seabed environments encountered in submerged conditions and on risers up to mean water level.